Systematic testing and critical questioning of findings is fundamental to the research process. Not just in the social sciences but in certain research approaches used in the humanities, too (e.g. in archaeology and the digital humanities), replication \u2013 alongside other procedures \u2013 is an important element when it comes to carrying out quality assurance on research findings. This is especially true if the results were obtained using quantitative methods (see DFG statement, 2017). Replication and replicability are themselves the subject of investigations into science theory and methodology. In order to be able to categorise the different facets of replication in the humanities and social sciences and the different uses of the term in the literature, it is helpful to draw a distinction between two dimensions (Freese & Peterson, 2017):<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1) Is the original dataset being used for replication or will new data be collected?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
2) Is the replication study very similar in methodology to the original study or are there clear differences?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
This gives rise to four different forms of replication:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
a) replicating a study using the original data set and the same analysis steps as in the original study;
b) replicating a study using the original data set but different analysis steps;
c) replicating a study using newly collected data and applying a methodology and analysis that are as similar as possible to the original study (often referred to as \u201cdirect replication\u201d);
d) replicating a study using newly collected data but with differences in methodology (often referred to as \u201cconceptual replication\u201d).<\/p>\n\n\n\n
In many areas of the humanities and social sciences, all forms of replication are considered important elements of quality assurance, especially those in categories b), c) and d). Like the investigation of \u201cnew\u201d effects, they also contribute to the cumulative gain of knowledge and should therefore generally be published; some journals offer dedicated sections for this purpose. Conducting replication studies of type a) and b) requires the original authors to document and make available their research data in a way that is transparent to third parties (see also commentary \u201cHandling research data in the humanities and social sciences\u201d). In order to enable third parties to conduct a replication study according to type c) and d), a comprehensive description of the entire methodology must be provided in publications. This includes a detailed description of the hypotheses, the sample, the study procedure, the materials used, the software and the programme code, all variables collected and all statistical analyses carried out.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
In the humanities and social sciences, many of the phenomena and effects studied may depend on the context (e.g. time and place of study, characteristics of the subjects). As such, the question of the conditions required for a replication to be able to be considered \u201cdirect\u201d is of crucial importance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
With several replication studies indicating a low level of replicability of research findings, there has been intense academic debate for several years in some subject areas on the possible causes of this. This has also resulted in a number of recommendations to increase replicability. These concern sample planning, study design, statistical analysis and research data management, as well as hypothesis and theory building. In order to ensure quality assurance of research findings and a cumulative gain in knowledge, it is important for researchers to reflect on questions of the replicability and replication of findings when planning and carrying out their research project. Publishers and infrastructure institutions likewise have an important role to play here: they contribute significantly to facilitating the implementation and publication of replication studies. The link list contains references to some Leibniz Institutes working in the areas of the social and behavioural sciences that provide helpful resources and services for conducting replication studies.<\/p>\n\n\n
<\/h3>Replicability of Research Results, Statement by the DFG, April 2017<\/span><\/a>Freese, J. & Peterson, D. (2017). Replication in Social Science. Annual Review of Sociology, 43, 147\u2013165.<\/span><\/a>Gesis Replikationsserver <\/span><\/a>Leibniz Information Centre for Economics<\/span><\/a>Leibniz Institute for Psychology<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n\nHandling research data in the humanities and social sciences<\/span><\/a><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Replication as a component of quality assurance in the humanities and social sciences - Wissenschaftliche Integrit\u00e4t<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The replication of findings obtained using quantitative methodology is an essential component of quality assurance in all research in the humanities and social sciences.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/dev.wissenschaftliche-integritaet.de\/en\/comments\/replication-as-a-component-of-quality-assurance\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Replication as a component of quality assurance in the humanities and social sciences - 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